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    Universal features of the stick-slip dynamics of an intruder moving through a confined granular medium
    (2022-04-21) Pugnaloni, Luis; Carlevaro, Manuel; Kozlowski, Ryan; Zheng, Hu; Kondic, Lou; Socolar, Joshua E. S.
    Experiments and simulations of an intruder dragged by a spring through a two-dimensional annulus of granular material exhibit robust force fluctuations. At low packing fractions (φ < φ0), the intruder clears an open channel. Above φ0, stick-slip dynamics develop, with an average energy release that is independent of the particle-particle and particle-base friction coefficients but does depend on the width W of the annulus and the diameter D of the intruder. A simple model predicts the dependence of φ0 on W and D, allowing for a data collapse for the average energy release as a function of φ/φ0. These results pose challenges for theories of mechanical failure in amorphous materials.
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    Intruder in a two-dimensional granular system: effects of dynamic and static basal friction on stick-slip and clogging dynamics
    (2019-10-15) Carlevaro, Manuel; Kozlowski, Ryan; Pugnaloni, Luis; Zheng, Hu; Socolar, Joshua E. S.; Kondic, Lou
    We discuss the results of simulations of an intruder pulled through a two-dimensional granular system by a spring, using a model designed to lend insight into the experimental findings described by Kozlowski et al. [Phys. Rev. E 100, 032905 (2019)]. In that previous study the presence of basal friction between the grains and the base was observed to change the intruder dynamics from clogging to stick–slip. Here we first show that our simulation results are in excellent agreement with the experimental data for a variety of experimentally accessible friction coefficients governing interactions of particles with each other and with boundaries. Then, we use simulations to explore a broader range of parameter space, focusing on the friction between the particles and the base. We consider a range of both static and dynamic basal friction coefficients, which are difficult to vary smoothly in experiments. The simulations show that dynamic friction strongly affects the stick–slip behaviour when the coefficient is decreased below 0.1, while static friction plays only a marginal role in the intruder dynamics.
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    Two approaches to quantification of force networks in particulate systems
    (2021-02-24) Basak, Rituparna; Carlevaro, Manuel; Kozlowski, Ryan; Cheng, Chao; Pugnaloni, Luis A.; Kramár, Miroslav; Zheng, Hu; Socolar, Joshua E. S.; Kondic, Lou
    The interactions between particles in particulate systems are organized in ‘force networks’, mesoscale features that bridge between the particle scale and the scale of the system as a whole. While such networks are known to be crucial in determining the system wide response, extracting their properties, particularly from experimental systems, is difficult due to the need to measure the interparticle forces. In this work, we show by analysis of the data extracted from simulations that such detailed information about interparticle forces may not be necessary, as long as the focus is on extracting the most dominant features of these networks. The main finding is that a reasonable understanding of the time evolution of force networks can be obtained from incomplete information such as total force on the particles. To compare the evolution of the networks based on the completely known particle interactions and the networks based on incomplete information (total force each grain) we use tools of algebraic topology. In particular we will compare simple measures defined on persistence diagrams that provide useful summaries of the force network features.