Facultad Regional Venado Tuerto
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Item Determinación de la resistencia al aplastamiento en madera Pino Elliotti.(UTN FRVT, 2021) Bianchi, Silvina; Martínez Merlo, HugoEl comportamiento estructural de maderas provenientes de especies cultivadas en bosques implantados en Argentina se rige según nuestro Reglamento CIRSOC 601. En el suplemento 4, destinado a uniones, contiene una tabla de valores de resistencia al aplastamiento basada en la existente de las NDS 2005 (National Design Specifications for Wood Construction), pero para verificar su aplicabilidad es necesario determinar este parámetro en maderas de uso corriente de nuestro país. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo calcular la resistencia al aplastamiento y las deformaciones sobre los elementos de fijación tipo clavija realizadas con pernos rígidos, y luego comparar los resultados obtenidos con los valores dados por el CIRSOC 601. Para ello se realizaron los ensayos en dirección paralela a la fibra con un perno rígido de 7 mm de diámetro, de acuerdo a las prescripciones de la Norma UNE-EN 383:2007. Los valores de resistencia característica al aplastamiento obtenidos resultaron sensiblemente inferiores respecto a los propuestos en la tabla S.4.1.1-1 del suplemento 4 del Reglamento CIRSOC 601. Publicaciones anteriores, para otras especies cultivadas en la Argentina, presentan comportamientos similares, por lo que los valores con origen en las NDS 2005 deben ser utilizados con precaución.Item Interpretation of Voltage Measurements in Cutting Torches.(2015) Prevosto, Leandro; Kelly, Héctor; Minotti, Fernando Oscar; Mancinelli, BeatrizAnode-cathode and nozzle-cathode voltages, plenum pressure and gas mass flow measurements in a low current (30 A) cutting torch, operated with oxygen gas, are used as inputs for an electrical model coupled to a simplified fluid model, in order to infer some properties of the plasma-gas structure that are difficult to measure.Item Diagnostics of cutting arc plasmas.(2014) Prevosto, Leandro; Kelly, HéctorAn over-view of several remote and invasive diagnostics to characterize cutting arcs at the nozzle exit-anode gap as well as inside the nozzle is reported. A briefly description of the experimental set-ups, together with the main results obtained in a 30 A high-energy density cutting torch (including the calculation assumptions) are given.Item Numerical modeling of the gas breakdown development in the space–charge layer inside the nozzle of a transferred arc torch(2012) Mancinelli, Beatriz; Prevosto, Leandro; Minotti, Fernando OscarDouble–arcing is a phenomenon that occurs when a transferred arc, flowing inside an electrically insulated nozzle, breaks into two separate arcs: one that connects the cathode with the nozzle, and another that connects the nozzle with the anode. Experimental evidence suggests that the reason for double–arcing is a Townsend like breakdown occurring in the thin space–charge layer, which separates the plasma from the metallic nozzle, due to the high voltage drop across it. Breakdown phenomena in a gas between metallic electrodes have been extensively studied; however the present case involves breakdown of a high–temperature gas between one electrode (the nozzle) and a plasma boundary. A 1–D model of the gas breakdown development in the space–charge layer contiguous to the nozzle of a cutting arc torch operated with oxygen is reported. The dynamics of the discharge is analyzed. The kinetic scheme includes processes of ionization of heavy particles by electron impact, electron attachment, electron–ion recombination and ion–ion recombination.Item Efecto sobre la tensión de rotura en flexión de la altura de la sección en elementos estructurales de pino ponderosa.(UTN FRVT., 2023) Guillaumet, Alfredo; Manavella, Roberto; Filippetti, María Cecilia; Meyer, Lía Caren; Tosco, AndreaLa influencia de las dimensiones de la sección transversal en la resistencia a la flexión es un efecto contemplado en distintos reglamentos de estructuras de madera. En las normativas europeas y de Argentina la expresión de ajuste es común para todas las especies y procedencias, mientras que en la de Estados Unidos de Norteamérica y Chile se considera el grado estructural o la especie. Se han realizado numerosos estudios para verificar la precisión de las expresiones de ajuste para cada combinación de especie -procedencia. En este trabajo se analiza el efecto de la altura de la sección transversal, sobre la resistencia en flexión, en piezas de tamaño estructural de pino ponderosa cultivado en la región andino-patagónica norte de Argentina. Los ensayos de flexión se realizaron sobre 440 cuerpos de prueba de tamaño estructural según las normas argentinas. Los resultados indicaron una tendencia decreciente de la tensión de rotura en flexión con el aumento de la altura, el efecto de la altura resultó superior en la madera de inferior calidad. Los resultados obtenidos convalidan, para elementos estructurales de pino ponderosa, la aplicación del criterio de ajuste propuesto en la norma IRAM 9664 (2013) y el reglamento INTI-CIRSOC 601 (2016).Item Effects of the Plasma-Activated Water on the Quality and Preservation of Fresh-Cut Lettuce.(2023) Chamorro, Juan Camilo; Denoya, Gabriela Inés; Santamaría, Brenda; Fina, Brenda; Ferreyra, Matías; Cejas, Ezequiel; Rodriguez, Anabel; Vaudagna, Sergio; Prevosto, Leandro— The effect of the application of plasma-activated water (PAW) on the quality and preservation of fresh-cut lettuce is reported in this article. PAW was produced by using a liquid cathode air discharge. The average (bulk) water temperature was kept at ∼22 ◦ C during the activation procedure and stored at 4 ◦ C for up to five days. The pH value, electrical conductivity, and concentrations of H2O2 and NO− in liquid at day 1 were 2.81, 1492µS/cm, and 77.8 and 223.4 mg/L, respectively, with slight variations over the whole storage time. No measurable amounts of NO− 10 2 were found. Twenty pieces of lettuce leaves were washed for 1 and 5 min in 1 L of PAW and stored for one and five days. PAW treatments were compared to tap water treatments. The lettuce samples were stored at 4 ◦ C and analyzed on days 1, 3, and 7. The chromatic parameter results suggest that PAW treatments significantly reduce the degradation of lettuce chlorophyll from day 3 of refrigerated storage. The lettuce firmness was not significantly modified. The microbiological results of aerobic mesophilic, enterobacteriaceae, and psychrotrophs populations have shown that lettuce treated with PAW after three days of storage exhibited the strongest inactivation efficiency. Psychrotrophs counts were maintained for up to seven days. Similar inactivation efficiencies were found regardless of the PAW storage time. PAW treatments also favored both the antioxidant capacity FRAP, ABTS, and DPPH, and the total phenolic.Item Numerical Simulation of the Voltage–Current Characteristic of an Atmospheric Pressure Discharge: The Glow‑to‑Arc Transition.(2024) Cejas, Ezequiel; Prevosto, Leandro; Minotti, FernandoThe glow-to-arc transition of a convection-stabilized atmospheric pressure air discharge is numerically investigated. Two separate models are considered: a one-dimensional axisym metric time-dependent fuid model of the positive column, describing the thermal-instabil ity, and a sheath model of a cold cathode describing the feld-emission instability, which must then be properly matched together. The fuid model considers the most important chemical reactions in air plasma, including thermal ionization in atomic collisions. The radial electric feld in the plasma is obtained from the Poisson equation. The voltage–cur rent characteristic of the discharge is simulated for a time-varying current up to 300 mA. It is found that at some critical value slightly above 200 mA, the contraction of the positive column arises from a vibrational–translational energy relaxation. The subsequent increases in the discharge current density in the positive column drive in turn a feld-emission insta bility in the cathode, which is accompanied by a large voltage drop. Simulation results are validated against available experimental data.Item Quantitative Schlieren Diagnostics Applied to a Millisecond Pulsed‑DC Hybrid Discharge in Atmospheric Pressure Air.(2022) Cejas, Ezequiel; Chamorro, Juan Camilo; Prevosto, LeandroThe gas temperature of a hybrid discharge in atmospheric pressure air is investigated by using quantitative schlieren imaging. The discharge is stabilized in a pin-to-plate electrode geometry and operated in a millisecond pulsed-DC regime with current amplitudes up to 75 mA and a duration of 10 ms, applied at a frequency of 100 Hz. An equilibrium com position model is considered to account for the production of N, O, and NO, which infu ence the Gladstone–Dale coefcient of air at high-gas temperatures. Also, a procedure is described which allows the determination of the errors introduced in the time-average gas refraction index due to gas temperature fuctuations. The results show that the axial values of the gas temperature profles span a large range from~1000 to 5000 K, nearly following the evolution of the discharge current. The temperature values found agree well with those reported in the literature for atmospheric pressure air plasmas, ranging from micro-glow to hybrid discharges.Item Indigo Carmine Degradation in Water Induced by a Pulsed Positive Corona Discharge in Air: Discharge and Postdischarge Effects.(2022) Ferreyra, Matías; Fina, Brenda; Milardovich, Natalio; Chamorro, Juan Camilo; Santamaría, Brenda; Balestrasse, Karina; Prevosto, LeandroIn recent years, one of the fastest growing technological applications in the field of nonthermal plasmas is the degradation of organic contaminants of water. In this work, the degradation of indigo carmine (IC) in water induced by a pulsed positive corona discharge operating in ambient air is reported. Degradation levels in different volumes of IC in solution with distilled water treated with different plasma exposure times immediately after discharge (0 h), and in the postdischarge up to 24 h were examined. To explain the IC discoloration in the postdischarge phase, a chemical model was developed. The stability of the reactive species in solution nitrate (NO3 −), nitrite (NO2 −) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 ), as well as the properties of the solution (electrical conductivity, pH) were also measured. The results suggest that the hydroxyl radical (OH˙) as well as ozone (O3 ) are the main oxidizing species during the discharge phase, being primarily formed in the gas phase through plasma-mediated reactions and then transferred to the liquid by diffusion, while the OH˙ production in the bulk liquid through the decomposition of peroxinitrous acid (O=NOOH) plays a major role in the IC degradation during the postdischarge. These results are associated with a noticeably increase in the energy-yield values observed at 24 h post-treatment.Item On the reduction of the third-order harmonic losses in low–voltage power cables used for feeding large LED and CFL lighting loads.(2017) Milardovich, Natalio; Prevosto, Leandro; Lara, Miguel Ángel; Milardovich, DiegoAn experimental investigation of diversity factors for LED (light emitting diode) in combination with CFL (compact fluorescent lamps) and LED lamps is presented in this paper. Attention was paid to the reduction of low–order harmonic currents, especially the third one; which is mainly responsible for the strong increase in power losses in the neutral conductor of low–voltage installations. The harmonic currents drawn by several LED and CFL lamps with nominal powers < 25 W were first measured to investigate the electrical characteristics of individual lamps. The results showed a sensible reduction of the harmonic current of third order and therefore a marked reduction of the power losses associated with them. The convenience of having LED lamps designed to operate as two–phase loads is suggested for certain applications of significant power demand.