La eficiencia energética en la industria Argentina entre los años 2000 y 2024 respecto a las variables económicas
Date
2025-09-18
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Congreso CADI CAEDI
Abstract
Al analizar los diagnósticos de “Gestión de la Energía” o “Eficiencia Energética” realizados en la industria de
Tucumán durante esta investigación, se identificaron grandes oportunidades de mejora, comunes en todos los
sectores analizados, tales como metalmecánica, azucarera, citrícola, frigoríficos, textiles, entre otros.
Un factor común observado en los diagnósticos es la falta de capacitación del personal para realizar
evaluaciones económicas de proyectos destinados a mejorar la eficiencia energética y el desconocimiento de
metodologías reconocidas a nivel mundial, como la ISO 50001. Esta carencia de formación en un recurso
estratégico como la energía impacta directamente en los costos, reduciendo la competitividad de las empresas.
Al desglosar las pérdidas energéticas, encontramos que estas se presentan en diversas áreas y procesos
industriales, tales como bombas, motores, automatismos, aislamientos térmicos, climatización e infraestructura.
Concluimos que no se trata de un déficit puntual, sino de una falta de conocimiento o cultura, atribuible a las
fluctuaciones en los ciclos económicos, reflejadas en las devaluaciones y en el valor del dólar, así como en el
costo de la energía eléctrica y del gas, y en los subsidios a estos costos. Estas variables afectan los tiempos de
amortización o repago de los proyectos de mejora en la gestión de la energía, resultando en balances económiconegativos debido a los cambios en las políticas económicas y energéticas. Esto conduce a una falta de capacitación
e inversión en la mejora de la gestión de la energía.
When analyzing the diagnostics of "Energy Management" or "Energy Efficiency" conducted in the industry of Tucumán during this research, significant opportunities for improvement were identified, common across all analyzed sectors such as metalworking, sugar, citrus, refrigeration, textiles, among others. A common factor observed in the diagnostics is the lack of personnel training to carry out economic evaluations of projects aimed at improving energy efficiency and the lack of knowledge of globally recognized methodologies, such as ISO 50001. This lack of training in a strategic resource like energy directly impacts costs, reducing the competitiveness of companies. Breaking down the energy losses, we found that they occur in various areas and industrial processes, such as pumps, motors, automation systems, thermal insulation, air conditioning, and infrastructure. We conclude that this is not a specific deficit, but a lack of knowledge or culture, attributable to fluctuations in economic cycles, reflected in devaluations and the value of the dollar, as well as the cost of electricity and gas, and subsidies for these costs. These variables affect the amortization or payback periods of projects aimed at improving energy management, resulting in economically negative balances due to changes in economic and energy policies. This leads to a lack of training and investment in improving energy management.
When analyzing the diagnostics of "Energy Management" or "Energy Efficiency" conducted in the industry of Tucumán during this research, significant opportunities for improvement were identified, common across all analyzed sectors such as metalworking, sugar, citrus, refrigeration, textiles, among others. A common factor observed in the diagnostics is the lack of personnel training to carry out economic evaluations of projects aimed at improving energy efficiency and the lack of knowledge of globally recognized methodologies, such as ISO 50001. This lack of training in a strategic resource like energy directly impacts costs, reducing the competitiveness of companies. Breaking down the energy losses, we found that they occur in various areas and industrial processes, such as pumps, motors, automation systems, thermal insulation, air conditioning, and infrastructure. We conclude that this is not a specific deficit, but a lack of knowledge or culture, attributable to fluctuations in economic cycles, reflected in devaluations and the value of the dollar, as well as the cost of electricity and gas, and subsidies for these costs. These variables affect the amortization or payback periods of projects aimed at improving energy management, resulting in economically negative balances due to changes in economic and energy policies. This leads to a lack of training and investment in improving energy management.
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Keywords
Gestión, Energía, Inflación, Economia, Ingeniería, Mecánica
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