FRD - Investigación - Ciencia y Tecnología
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Item Correlación del RMB y el ciclo de histéresis en aceros al SI(2024) Neyra Astudillo, Miriam Rocío; Melini, Ariel Agustín; Gomez, Martin PedroEn la actualidad los aceros al Si también llamados aceros eléctricos, son usados por ejemplo en motores y transformadores, de forma de aprovechar su calidad magnética, manufacturabilidad y bajo costo. En particular, la denominada “calidad magnética” está referida a las propiedades magnéticas que se demandan de dichos materiales, tales como una alta permeabilidad y una baja histéresis magnética. En este trabajo se estudió la correlación de la técnica del ruido magnético Barkhausen (RMB) y el ciclo de histéresis en aceros eléctricos. Para ello, se ensayaron tres chapas de aceros al Si de grano orientado (M4, M5 y M6, según el sistema europeo EN. Se encontró la respuesta del valor RMS es inversa al campo coercitivo. Cuando aumenta el espesor de la muestra aumenta las pérdidas de energía y disminuye el valor RMS del RMB.Item Fabry Perot detector for low coherence interferometry(2023-06) Cerrotta, Santiago; Torga, Jorge Román; Morel, Eneas NicolásSe proponen dos diseños teóricos de detectores de intensidad para distintas longitudes de onda basados en cavidades Fabry Perot para ser aplicados en la técnica de interferometría de baja coherencia en el dominio de las frecuencias (FD-LCI). Un detector axial unidimensional que consta de una cavidad variable con un fotodiodo y otro detector radial con cavidad fija y con un array lineal o cámara. Se demostró su factibilidad teórica realizando simulaciones de haces gaussianos propagándose a través de cavidades con diferentes características. Se optimizaron los parámetros para que los detectores estén centrados en 850 nm, con rangos de 60 nm y resolución por debajo del nanómetro para haces de 500 µm de cintura, condiciones típicas de las fuentes y detectores usadas en FD-LCI. Además, el diseño contempla la posibilidad de usarlos simultáneamente.Item Long-range frequency domain low-coherence interferometry detector for industrial applications(2023-01) Cerrotta, Santiago; Torga, Jorge Román; Morel, Eneas NicolásA low-cost long-range frequency domain low-coherence interferometry (LCI) detector is presented: time Fourier domain LCI (TFD-LCI). Combining ideas of time domain and frequency domain techniques, the TFD-LCI detects the analog Fourier transform of the optical interference signal with no limitation for the maximum optical path, measuring the thickness of several centimeters with micrometer resolution. A complete characterization of the technique is presented with a mathematical demonstration, simulations, and experimental results. An evaluation of repeatability and accuracy is also included. Measurements of small and large monolayer and multilayer thicknesses were done. Characterization of the internal and external thicknesses of industrial products such as transparent packages and glass windshield is presented, showing the potentiality of TFD-LCI for industrial applications.Item Estimación de frecuencias de señales interferométricas con redes neuronales(2023-09) Cerrotta, Santiago; Morel, Eneas NicolásUna vez adquirida la señal óptica de la técnica de interferencia de baja coherencia mediante un espectrómetro es necesario realizar un post procesado para encontrar la frecuencia de oscilación característica de la señal. Esta señal me brinda información morfológica (espesor, topografía, etc) de la muestra en estudio. En este trabajo se diseñan, entrenan e implementan Redes Neuronales Artificiales que permiten reemplazar herramientas convencionales en el procesamiento de señales oscilantes y en particular el cálculo de la Transformada de Fourier. Se analiza la precisión y los tiempos característicos de estas redes demostrando que son una opción viable para estimar frecuencias de señales oscilatorias.Item Bioconstrucción, oportunidad ante la crisis energética y el cambio climático(Sociedad Argentina de Ciencia y Tecnología Ambienta, 2023) Parente, Jorge Raul; Moretti, Antonio MarianoActualmente vivimos una crisis ambiental sin precedentes con múltiples dimensiones, en la que las construcciones no son la excepción, sino más bien todo lo contrario. La producción de materiales, su transporte, su proceso de construcción, mantenimiento y su desecho una vez alcanzado el final de su vida útil, suponen impactos ambientales muy significativos. El presente trabajo pretende contribuir al cambio de paradigma y ver a la bioconstrucción como una respuesta concreta ante la crisis energética y la necesidad de mitigar el cambio climático. Se muestran diferentes construcciones en las que participamos, utilizando barro, paja, madera y residuos sólidos inertes. Los resultados permiten observar ventajas en las obras realizadas, resaltando los beneficios en cuanto a la disminución de impactos ambientales, a través de la adecuada elección de los materiales empleados. Se concluye que la bioconstrucción representa una oportunidad para enfrentar la crisis ambiental.Item Bioremediation of an industrial soil contaminated by hydrocarbons in microcosm system, involving bioprocesses utilizing co-products and agro-industrial wastes(2023-09-29) Conde Molina, Debora; Liporace, Franco; Quevedo, CarlaThe present study describes practical implication of bioaugmentation and biostimulation processes for bioremediation of an industrial soil chronically contaminated by hydrocarbons. For this purpose, biomass production of six autochthonous hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were evaluated as inoculum of bioaugmentation strategy, by testing carbon and nitrogen sources included co-products and agro-industrial waste as sustainable and low-cost components of the growth medium. Otherwise, biostimulation was approached by the addition of optimized concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus. Microcosm assays showed that total hydrocarbons (TH) were significantly removed from chronically contaminated soil undergoing bioremediation treatment. Systems Mix (bioaugmentation); N,P (biostimulation) and Mix + N,P (bioaugmentation and biostimulation) reached higher TH removal, being 89.85%, 91.00%, 93.04%, respectively, comparing to 77.83% of system C (natural attenuation) at 90 days. The increased heterotrophic aerobic bacteria and hydrocarbon degrading bacteria counts were according to TH biodegrading process during the experiments. Our results showed that biostimulation with nutrients represent a valuable alternative tool to treat a chronically hydrocarbon-contaminated industrial soil, while bioaugmentation with a consortium of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria would be justified when the soil has a low amount of endogenous degrading microorganisms. Furthermore, the production of inoculum for application in bioaugmentation using low-cost substrates, such as industrial waste, would lead to the development of an environmentally friendly and attractive process in terms of cost–benefit.Item Vegetable oil contaminated sites: bioremediation treatments.(2023-07) Conde Molina, Debora; Corpus, Athina; Piperata, GabrielaThe environment is negatively impacted by occasional discharges from industrial activity. When these events contain insoluble compounds such as fats and oils, they are high impact pollutants. This work focuses on an environmental problem in the industrial area of Buenos Aires, Argentina, where a lagoon was contaminated by vegetable oil residues. The aim of this work is to study bioremediation strategies in order to propose solutions for the remediation of the lagoon. For this way, autochthonous vegetable oil degrading bacteria were isolated from Lagoon 3, and the conditions to produce bacterial biomass were evaluated. Then, through microcosms systems using contaminated coastal soil, different site-specific treatments were tested: a control as natural attenuation; a bioaugmentation treatment with autochthonous vegetable oil degrading bacteria; two biostimulation treatments with nitrogen and phosphorus, and with spent mushroom substrate. Although both bioaugmentation and biostimulation showed promising results, biostimulation with N, P was the most effective for site-specific bioremediation of Lagoon 3, achieving 67% of oil vegetable reduction at 60 days.Item Site-specific bioremediation by bioaugmentation and biostimulation approaches on a chronically hydrocarbon-contaminated industrial soil.(2023-09) Conde Molina, Debora; Liporace, Franco; Quevedo, CarlaThe present study describes practical implication of bioaugmentation and biostimulation processes for bioremediation of an industrial soil chronically contaminated by hydrocarbons. For this purpose, biomass production of six autochthonous hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were evaluated as inoculum of bioaugmentation strategy, by testing carbon and nitrogen sources included co-products and agro-industrial waste as sustainable and low-cost components of the growth medium. Otherwise, biostimulation was approached by the addition of optimized concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus. Microcosm assays showed that total hydrocarbons (TH) were signifcantly removed from chronically contaminated soil undergoing bioremediation treatment. Systems Mix (bioaugmentation); N,P (biostimulation) and Mix+N,P (bioaugmentation and biostimulation) reached higher TH removal, being 89.85%, 91.00%, 93.04%, respectively, comparing to 77.83% of system C (natural attenuation) at 90 days. The increased heterotrophic aerobic bacteria and hydrocarbon degrading bacteria counts were according to TH biodegrading process during the experiments. Our results showed that biostimulation with nutrients represent a valuable alternative tool to treat a chronically hydrocarbon-contaminated industrial soil, while bioaugmentation with a consortium of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria would be justifed when the soil has a low amount of endogenous degrading microorganisms. Furthermore, the production of inoculum for application in bioaugmentation using low-cost substrates, such as industrial waste, would lead to the development of an environmentally friendly and attractive process in terms of cost–beneft.Item Removal of vegetable oils from contaminated coastal soil by bioaugmentation and biostimulation(Congreso Latinoamericano de Ecología Microbiana, 2023-08) Conde Molina, Debora; Corpus, Athina; Piperata, GabrielaThe environment is negatively impacted by occasional discharges from industrial activity. When these events contain insoluble compounds such as fats and oils, they are high impact pollutants. This work focuses on an environmental problem in the industrial area of Zárate-Campana, Buenos Aires, Argentina, where a lagoon was contaminated by vegetable oil residues. The aim of this work is to study bioremediation strategies in order to propose solutions for the remediation of the lagoon. For this purpose, different site-specific treatments were evaluated through microcosms systems using contaminated coastal soil. These treatments were: a control as natural attenuation; a bioaugmentation treatment with autochthonous vegetable oil degrading bacteria (5x1010 CFU/g); two biostimulation treatments with nitrogen (NaNO3, 1 g/Kg) and phosphorus (Na2HPO4, 0.2 g/Kg), and with spent mushroom substrate (10 %w/w). The microcosms carried out with 200 g of soil were incubated at 22 °C for 60 days. Samples were taken every 20 days in order to determine moisture, pH, biological activity by counting total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and oil degrading bacteria, and total oil concentration through FTIR. The treatments showed oil removal above 43 %, being the most efficient the biostimulation with nitrogen and phosphorus, which reached 58 % degradation after 60 days. Furthermore, the evolution of oil degradation correlated with the increase in microbiological activity in all systems. We concluded that biostimulation with nitrogen and phosphorus was the most appropriate strategy to apply for lagoon remediation.Item Caracterización de residuos agroindustriales con potencial aplicación en procesos biotecnológicos(2023-09) Conde Molina, Debora; Di Gregorio, VaninaEl desarrollo de bioprocesos que utilizan residuos agroindustriales constituye uno de los retos más interesantes de la biotecnología actual, ya que conlleva a la reutilización de residuos de una manera ambientalmente responsable y al desarrollo de productos de alto valor agregado. En este trabajo se caracterizaron residuos agroindustriales de la región noroeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, con el fin de analizar sus posibles aplicaciones en el desarrollo de bioprocesos locales. Los residuos analizados fueron: compost agotado de hongos, residuo de texturizado de soja, residuo de raíz de batata, residuo de cama de pollo y rastrojo de trigo. A los mismos se les determinó humedad, pH, carbono orgánico, nitrógeno total, fósforo total, potasio, calcio. Los resultados mostraron que todos los residuos contribuyen a cubrir parte de los requerimientos nutricionales de los microorganismos, aportando principalmente fuentes de carbono y nitrógeno.