Determinación de la mejor tecnología disponible para el procesamiento de subproductos (sangre, plumas, vísceras) de una planta de faena avícola
Date
2020-11-18
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Abstract
El presente proyecto consiste en un riguroso estudio sobre las distintas tecnologías que se encuentran disponibles en el mercado para el procesamiento de subproductos provenientes de la faena avícola, con el fin de generar un documento técnico-económico que sirva como respaldo para tomar decisiones sobre futuras inversiones.
El estudio comenzó con un reconocimiento y análisis de los equipos que componen las distintas líneas de proceso. Luego, a partir de las distribuciones de plantas y equipos propuestos por las diferentes marcas fabricantes, analizando sus ventajas y desventajas, se generó un criterio general que sirvió para establecer como base de estudio la conformación de dichas líneas de proceso.
Con el objetivo de realizar un análisis de interés para las plantas avícolas radicadas en Argentina, se tomó la producción de una planta de faena tipo. Con este caudal de materia prima, se dimensionaron los componentes y espacios físicos para, posteriormente, determinar los consumos energéticos necesarios.
En función de los resultados obtenidos mediante el análisis económico y, teniendo en cuenta la complejidad técnica de los nuevos procesos propuestos por los fabricantes, se determinó que el proceso de “vía seca” o también denominado de “alta temperatura” es el más apropiado para el procesamiento de vísceras. El cambio a estos nuevos procesos solo se justificaría en caso de que el precio de los combustibles (Gas Natural) aumente de manera significativa con respecto al período actual (año 2020) o bien, por el reemplazo de combustible por GLP (Gas Licuado de Petróleo)
This project consists in a rigorous study of the different technologies that are available in the market for the processing of by-products from poultry slaughter, in order to generate a technical-economic document that serves as support to make decisions about future investments. The study began with a recognition and analysis of the equipments that make up the different process lines. Then, based on the plant and equipment distributions proposed by the different manufacturer brands, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages, a general criterion was generated that served to establish as a study basis the conformation of said process lines. In order to carry out an analysis of interest for poultry plants located in Argentina, the production of a typical slaughter plant was taken. With this flow of raw material, the components and physical spaces were dimensioned to subsequently determine the necessary energy consumption. Based on the results obtained through the economic analysis and knowing the technical complexity of the new processes proposed by the manufacturers, the “high temperature” process was found to be the most appropriate for entrails processing. The change to these new processes would only be justified in the event that the price of fuels (Natural Gas) increases significantly compared to the current period (year 2020) or, by the replacement of fuel by LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas).
This project consists in a rigorous study of the different technologies that are available in the market for the processing of by-products from poultry slaughter, in order to generate a technical-economic document that serves as support to make decisions about future investments. The study began with a recognition and analysis of the equipments that make up the different process lines. Then, based on the plant and equipment distributions proposed by the different manufacturer brands, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages, a general criterion was generated that served to establish as a study basis the conformation of said process lines. In order to carry out an analysis of interest for poultry plants located in Argentina, the production of a typical slaughter plant was taken. With this flow of raw material, the components and physical spaces were dimensioned to subsequently determine the necessary energy consumption. Based on the results obtained through the economic analysis and knowing the technical complexity of the new processes proposed by the manufacturers, the “high temperature” process was found to be the most appropriate for entrails processing. The change to these new processes would only be justified in the event that the price of fuels (Natural Gas) increases significantly compared to the current period (year 2020) or, by the replacement of fuel by LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas).
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Faena avícola, Plumas, Víscera, Sangre, Aceite de vísceras
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