Desarrollo de infraestructura para riego forestal con efluentes tratado en la ciudad de Colón Entre Ríos
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2024-09-12
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Este proyecto, llevado a cabo por una alumna del último año de la carrera de Ingeniería Civil, se enmarca en los requisitos de la asignatura "Proyecto Final" del programa de Ingeniería Civil en la Facultad Regional Concepción del Uruguay de la Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. El estudio se centra en la planificación, ejecución y evaluación de una infraestructura para el riego forestal utilizando efluentes cloacales tratados en la ciudad de Colón, Entre Ríos, con el objetivo de reducir el vertido de estos efluentes en el río Uruguay. Tras una visita a Colón y reuniones con diversas autoridades gubernamentales, se identificaron las necesidades de la ciudad, lo que llevó a la creación de una bolsa de proyectos en colaboración con la cátedra. El proyecto seleccionado surgió de esta colaboración. Durante la fase de planificación, se discutió con el director de ambiente de Colón, quien expresó el deseo de reutilizar el efluente tratado en un sistema de riego forestal en lugar de conducirlo mediante un emisario, ya que esta opción sería más ecológica y reduciría significativamente los costos. Posteriormente, se realizó una visita al terreno propuesto para el proyecto junto con la cátedra para evaluar sus características, incluyendo pendientes, vegetación y cotas, dado que el sitio se encuentra cerca del río Uruguay. Esta evaluación inicial fue seguida de una caracterización más detallada del terreno. Para abordar la problemática, se recopilaron antecedentes tanto regionales como nacionales e internacionales, incluyendo entrevistas con profesionales que habían gestionado proyectos similares. Con esta información, se establecieron los objetivos y se evaluaron tres alternativas para el riego: riego por surcos, riego por aspersión y riego por goteo. Tras analizar las ventajas y desventajas de cada opción mediante una matriz FODA, se determinó que el riego por surcos era la alternativa más adecuada para la zona. Finalmente, se procedió al desarrollo del proyecto ejecutivo, cuyo objetivo principal es integrar conocimientos y habilidades de ingeniería civil con aspectos medioambientales en la ejecución del proyecto.
This project, carried out by a student in her final year of the Civil Engineering degree, is part of the requirements of the "Final Project" course of the Civil Engineering program at the Concepción del Uruguay Regional Faculty of the National Technological University. The study focuses on the planning, execution and evaluation of an infrastructure for forest irrigation using treated sewage effluents in the city of Colón, Entre Ríos, with the aim of reducing the discharge of these effluents into the Uruguay River. After a visit to Colón and meetings with various government authorities, the needs of the city were identified, which led to the creation of a project pool in collaboration with the department. The selected project emerged from this collaboration. During the planning phase, the project was discussed with the environmental director of Colón, who expressed the desire to reuse the treated effluent in a forest irrigation system instead of channeling it through an outfall, as this option would be more environmentally friendly and would significantly reduce costs. Subsequently, a visit was made to the proposed project site together with the department to assess its characteristics, including slopes, vegetation and elevations, given that the site is located near the Uruguay River. This initial assessment was followed by a more detailed characterization of the terrain. To address the problem, regional, national and international background information was collected, including interviews with professionals who had managed similar projects. With this information, objectives were established and three irrigation alternatives were evaluated: furrow irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of each option using a SWOT matrix, it was determined that furrow irrigation was the most suitable alternative for the area. Finally, the executive project was developed, whose main objective is to integrate civil engineering knowledge and skills with environmental aspects in the execution of the project.
This project, carried out by a student in her final year of the Civil Engineering degree, is part of the requirements of the "Final Project" course of the Civil Engineering program at the Concepción del Uruguay Regional Faculty of the National Technological University. The study focuses on the planning, execution and evaluation of an infrastructure for forest irrigation using treated sewage effluents in the city of Colón, Entre Ríos, with the aim of reducing the discharge of these effluents into the Uruguay River. After a visit to Colón and meetings with various government authorities, the needs of the city were identified, which led to the creation of a project pool in collaboration with the department. The selected project emerged from this collaboration. During the planning phase, the project was discussed with the environmental director of Colón, who expressed the desire to reuse the treated effluent in a forest irrigation system instead of channeling it through an outfall, as this option would be more environmentally friendly and would significantly reduce costs. Subsequently, a visit was made to the proposed project site together with the department to assess its characteristics, including slopes, vegetation and elevations, given that the site is located near the Uruguay River. This initial assessment was followed by a more detailed characterization of the terrain. To address the problem, regional, national and international background information was collected, including interviews with professionals who had managed similar projects. With this information, objectives were established and three irrigation alternatives were evaluated: furrow irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of each option using a SWOT matrix, it was determined that furrow irrigation was the most suitable alternative for the area. Finally, the executive project was developed, whose main objective is to integrate civil engineering knowledge and skills with environmental aspects in the execution of the project.
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Riego forestal, Efluentes tratados, Reducción del vertido, Sistemas de riegos., Forest irrigation, Treated effluents, Effluent reuse, Irrigation systems, Colón-Entre Ríos
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