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Item Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges: Use of Smart Sensors for Data Tracking(2024-10) Bogarin-Salinas, Brenda; Stivanello, JuliánAbstract: The number of accidents that occur in the world in terms of civil structures, specifically bridges, is substantially rising. As a result, the early detection of these failures has become highly important. The purpose of this project is to address this issue by means of the analysis of the use of smart sensors for constant maintenance of bridges through data tracking. To achieve these purposes, this paper is divided into four different sections that imply the challenges in bridge safety, the application of smart sensors, and the advantages and disadvantages of this system. This paper is expected to contribute to enhancing safety, optimizing maintenance and achieving Sustainable Development Goal #9 by promoting resilient infrastructure and innovation.Item Artificial Intelligence for Forest Conservation in Argentina: Innovative Approaches to Prevent Deforestation(Inglés II. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Paraná, 2024) Bill, Baltazar; Martínez Casares, NicolásSummary— Deforestation poses significant global challenges with profound environmental, economic, and social implications. This paper examines the causes and impacts of deforestation in Argentina, emphasizing the critical need for effective conservation strategies to preserve these essential ecosystems. It advocates for the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI), utilizing audio recognition and satellite monitoring technologies, as innovative tools to combat illegal deforestation and enhance sustainable forest management. The feasibility of these AI solutions hinges on robust technological infrastructure, economic viability, and practical implementation, necessitating collaboration among technology providers, local communities, and governmental bodies. Successful integration of AI stands to bolster Argentina's forest conservation efforts, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals and ensuring long-term forest protection.Item Tackling Housing Challenges in Vulnerable Communities: Sustainable Construction Using Recycled PET Plastic Bricks(Inglés II. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Paraná, 2024) Ayala, Sebastián; Diaz, Valentín; Grippo, GenaroAbstract— Inadequate housing affects over 1.8 billion people globally and poses significant risks to human dignity and public health. Despite being a fundamental human right, many individuals face eviction and homelessness. To combat this crisis, sustainable construction technologies, particularly those utilizing recycled plastics, offer a dual solution: mitigating the housing shortage while managing environmental waste. This study aims to evaluate the impact of using recycled materials in housing construction, focusing on its effectiveness in areas with severe housing deficits. This paper is organized into three main sections: contextualizing the housing crisis, analyzing its causes and consequences, and presenting and assessing the proposed solution. By examining reliable data and evaluating the feasibility of this innovative approach, the study seeks to provide engineers and stakeholders with actionable insights into sustainable and efficient housing solutions. Ultimately, this research is expected to contribute to both addressing urgent social needs and advancing sustainable development goals.Item Renewable Electricity Supply: Alternative Energies for Remote Areas in Argentina(2023-11) Bertolin, Gianfranco; Clos, Ian; Romero, FacundoAbstract- In Argentina, approximately 500,000 people in remote rural areas lack electricity due to infrastructure challenges. Access to reliable electricity is vital for well-being and socio-economic development. Geographic challenges in regions like southern Patagonia, the northern and western regions of Argentina hinder conventional grid expansion, leading to reliance on unsustainable energy sources. To address this scarcity, this paper proposes the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and geothermal, offering sustainable solutions to provide affordable and reliable electricity to remote communities in Argentina. The objective of this paper is to analyze the lack of electricity access in remote areas and discuss the implementation of three alternative clean energy sources. To fulfill this objective, this paper is organized into three parts. Firstly, a description of the issues related to areas lacking electrical supply is provided. Next, the different solutions are presented. Finally, there is a brief viability analysis of the three proposed clean energy sources based on geographical and climatic characteristics is indicated. This paper is expected to contribute to the analysis of the viability of the implementation of renewable energy sources to provide electricity in remote areas. Resumen- En Argentina, aproximadamente 500.000 personas en zonas rurales remotas carecen de electricidad debido a problemas de infraestructura. El acceso a una electricidad fiable es vital para el bienestar y el desarrollo socioeconómico. Los desafíos geográficos en regiones como el sur de la Patagonia y las regiones norte y oeste de Argentina obstaculizan la expansión de la red convencional, lo que lleva a la dependencia de fuentes de energía no sostenibles. Para abordar esta escasez, este documento propone el uso de fuentes de energía renovables, como la solar, la eólica y la geotérmica, ofreciendo soluciones sostenibles para proporcionar electricidad asequible y confiable a comunidades remotas en Argentina. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la falta de acceso a la electricidad en áreas remotas y discutir la implementación de tres fuentes alternativas de energía limpia. Para cumplir con este objetivo, este trabajo se organiza en tres partes. En primer lugar, se proporciona una descripción de los problemas relacionados con las zonas que carecen de suministro eléctrico. A continuación, se presentan las diferentes soluciones. Finalmente, se indica un breve análisis de viabilidad de las tres fuentes de energía limpia propuestas en función de sus características geográficas y climáticas. Se espera que este trabajo contribuya al análisis de la viabilidad de la implementación de fuentes de energía renovables para proporcionar electricidad en áreas remotas.Item Urban Heat Islands: Green Roofs as a Potential Way to Attenuate Temperatures in Cities(2024-02-27) Romero, JulianaThe excessive construction and the destruction of green spaces have had notable consequences on the environment within cities. Under this context, green roofs have been proposed to attenuate these issues and to achieve sustainable building practices. In this paper, technical and construction aspects of green roofs are used to classify different systems. By reviewing the benefits related to the mitigation of the urban heat island effect, reduction in building energy consumption, improvement of air pollution, water management and increase in sound insulation, among others, this paper shows how green roofs may contribute to more sustainable buildings and cities. It is expected that this paper may not only propose a solution, but it may also raise awareness of the importance of urban greenery.Item Radioactive Waste Management: Practices for Safe and Effective Disposal(2023-11) Calderón, MilagrosAbstract— Nuclear energy is an important source of electricity that can help meet the world’s growing energy needs. However, the safe and effective disposal of radioactive waste generated from nuclear power plants and other sources remains a significant challenge. This waste poses a threat to both the environment and human health if not properly managed. In the global context, the United Nations has addressed the problem of radioactive waste management in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) report, aiming to ensure the responsible management of chemicals and all types of waste throughout their entire life cycle. Inadequate management of these waste materials could result in devastating environmental consequences and risks to human health, making it necessary to analyze and implement safe disposal methods for radioactive waste. The purpose of this study is to explore methods for the safe and effective disposal of radioactive waste. This paper is expected to contribute to the analysis of safe options for radioactive waste disposal. Resumen— La energía nuclear es una fuente importante de electricidad que puede ayudar a satisfacer las crecientes necesidades energéticas del mundo. Sin embargo, la disposición segura y efectiva de los desechos radiactivos generados por las plantas nucleares y otras fuentes sigue siendo un desafío significativo. Estos desechos representan una amenaza tanto para el medio ambiente como para la salud humana si no se gestionan adecuadamente. En el contexto global, las Naciones Unidas han abordado el problema de la gestión de desechos radiactivos en el informe de Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), con el objetivo de garantizar la gestión responsable de productos químicos y todo tipo de desechos a lo largo de su ciclo de vida completo. Una gestión inadecuada de estos materiales de desecho podría tener consecuencias ambientales devastadoras y riesgos para la salud humana, por lo que es necesario analizar e implementar métodos seguros para la disposición de desechos radiactivos. El propósito de este trabajo es explorar métodos para la disposición segura y efectiva de desechos radiactivos. Se espera que este documento contribuya al análisis de opciones seguras para la disposición de desechos radiactivos.Item Agricultural Pollution: Mitigating the Effects of Pesticides(2023-11) Cusit, Lucas; Heit, LucasAbstract— Modern agricultural practices have started the process of agricultural pollution with the use of pesticides on crops. Pesticides are substances used to control or eradicate pests. The overuse of pesticides can generate agricultural pollution which is addressed by the Sustainable Development Goal N° 2 “Zero Hunger” in the aspects of food security and sustainable agriculture. Therefore, in this paper there will be an analysis of the problem of the use of pesticides in agriculture and several manners to mitigate them and in addition to this, will be an analysis of possible solution or strategies to address that issue. With this purpose in mind, this paper will follow the next order. First, there will be an account of the pollution by means of pesticides used in cultivated farm areas, as to identify the severity of the problem and its implication in the contamination of the environment. Secondly, there will be a section that will discuss possible solutions to the problem and finally there will be another that will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the solutions. This paper is expected to contribute to the analysis of the implications of the use of pesticides in agriculture and to raise awareness of their effects on people and the environment. Resumen— Las prácticas modernas de agricultura han comenzado el proceso de contaminación por agricultura con el uso de pesticidas en los cultivos. Los pesticidas son sustancias usadas para controlar o erradicar pestes. El uso excesivo de pesticidas puede generar contaminación por agricultura la cual es una de las metas del Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible N°2 “Hambre Cero” en los aspectos de seguridad en los alimentos y agricultura sustentable. Por lo tanto, en este paper habrá un análisis del problema del uso de pesticidas en la agricultura y varias maneras de mitigarlos y además de esto, habrá un análisis de posibles soluciones o estrategias para abordar ese problema. Con este propósito en mente, este paper seguirá el siguiente orden. Primero, se realizará un recuento de la contaminación por medio de pesticidas usados en áreas agrícolas, así como una identificación de la severidad del problema y sus implicaciones en la contaminación ambiental. Segundo, encontraremos una sección que tratará posibles soluciones al problema y finalmente encontraremos una puesta en valor de las ventajas y desventajas de las soluciones. Este paper tiene como finalidad contribuir al análisis de las implicancias del uso de pesticidas en la agricultura y promover la conciencia de sus efectos en la gente y el medio ambiente.Item Water Scarcity and the Construction Industry: Implementation of Alternative Sources of Drinking Water for Civil Works(2023-12-19) Bonell, Valentina; Canova, Eliana EvelynAbstract— This article focuses on the importance of using potable water, a limited and essential resource, in the production of concrete in the construction industry. It is also highlighted that the use of non-potable water in the production of concrete is inefficient. Additionally, it explores various innovative solutions to obtain drinking water that does not depend on conventional water sources. These solutions include desalination, transforming wastewater into drinking water, rainwater harvesting, and modifying concrete mixes to make them less sensitive to the type of water used. It is expected that this work can generate a significant impact on readers and encourage the adoption and promotion or alternative ways of generating safe water for civil works.Item Lack of Sanitation: Algae Ponds for Wastewater Treatment in Remote and Rural Areas(2023-12-19) Ibarra, Bruno; Acosta, RamiroAbstract— Millions of people around the world do not have decent access to sanitation to meet their basic hygiene and health needs, leading to disease and thousands of deaths per year. The objective of this work is to address wastewater treatment for domestic or agriculture uses and sanitation installations in rural areas so that the inhabitants of these communities have a better quality of life. To achieve this aim, this work addresses the problem, causes and consequences of lack of sanitation in rural and remote areas of cities. Secondly, a system of algae ponds to treat wastewater will be presented. Finally, an analysis is made of the benefits and disadvantages that may arise from the proposed solution. It is expected that this paper may promote the implementation of alternative and sustainable methods for wastewater treatment.Item Lack of Energy in Isolated Communities: Micro and Small Hydropower Generators for Creeks and Rivers(2023-12-19) Hildermann, Axel; Ponce, ValentinAbstract— Currently, there are millions of people who do not have electricity because they live in small towns or far from cities. In addition to distance, poverty is also a factor that affects access to energy and the lack of access to energy generates, in turn, more poverty. Fortunately, around the world there are many engineers creating solutions to this type of problem. The generation of electricity by hydroelectric dams is one of the most common methods to supply energy at electric grids and engineers have designed hydroelectric dams but in a small size: micro hydropower generators. They stand out for the quantity of power that they can generate, the different types in existence and their size, which makes it fit for creeks, rivers, and small flux of water. The principle of operation and some types of this device are presented in this paper with the intention to spread their existence. It is expected that this paper may inform the readers about the energy problem and its magnitude in people’s quality of life, show the existence of reliable and friendly solutions with the environment, and provide the necessary information for them to do their share to help the global community.