Calidad del aire en ciudades intermedias
Date
2007-10-01
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Abstract
Como en otras regiones del mundo, las ciudades hacen frente a un proceso creciente de urbanización,
con su correspondiente congestión del tránsito, aumento en la contaminación atmosférica, y pérdida del
espacio verde o agrícola. Inclusive desde el punto de vista de un posible cambio global climático, la
quema de combustibles fósiles, la producción energética, la industria y el transporte, continúan siendo
los principales emisores de carbono y otros contaminantes que afectan la calidad del aire. En este artículo se revisa el rol de la ciudad como principal emisor de gases de efecto invernadero y otros contaminantes que afectan la calidad del aire. Para ello se presentará primeramente un detalle del procedimiento metodológico para la confección de un buen inventario, en segundo lugar un balance de las emisiones principales y tercero un cálculo de la calidad del aire tomando como área de estudio las regiones metropolitanas del Gran Mendoza y Bahía Blanca. En particular se han elegido estas dos ciudades por poseer un programa de monitoreo de contaminantes, lo que permite una efectiva evaluación del inventario de emisiones y su impacto sobe la calidad del aire.
Like in many other regions in the world, cities face an increasing urbanization process, with traffic congestion, increasing air pollution and loss of green and productive areas. Moreover, from a possible climate change point of view, the emissions from the energy production, the industry and the transport are still the main carbon emitters and other pollutants which affect the air quality. This paper reviews the roll of cities as main GHG emitters and other contaminants, which affect the air quality. Therefore three main sections are prepared, a first one shows a review of the methodology to prepare an inventory, a second section shows emissions calculation, and the third section presents the calculation of the corresponding air quality. We will present as case studies the Metropolitan area of Mendoza and Bahía Blanca. This two cites have been selected due to their existing monitoring program of main pollutant, which allows an effective evaluation of the emission inventory and its impact on the air quality.
Like in many other regions in the world, cities face an increasing urbanization process, with traffic congestion, increasing air pollution and loss of green and productive areas. Moreover, from a possible climate change point of view, the emissions from the energy production, the industry and the transport are still the main carbon emitters and other pollutants which affect the air quality. This paper reviews the roll of cities as main GHG emitters and other contaminants, which affect the air quality. Therefore three main sections are prepared, a first one shows a review of the methodology to prepare an inventory, a second section shows emissions calculation, and the third section presents the calculation of the corresponding air quality. We will present as case studies the Metropolitan area of Mendoza and Bahía Blanca. This two cites have been selected due to their existing monitoring program of main pollutant, which allows an effective evaluation of the emission inventory and its impact on the air quality.
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Keywords
emisiones de efecto invernadero, calidad del aire, modelos de dispersión, centros urbanos, emissions of greenhouse gases, air quality, dispersion models, urban centres
Citation
Proyecciones, Vol.5 No. 2
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