“Disfonías en docentes del sistema público: enfoque sobre la propuesta de soluciones".
Date
2025-03-28
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Escuela de Posgrado FRBA
Abstract
La voz distingue al ser humano por ser la herramienta con la que es capaz de comunicarse y transmitir con intención, característica propia de la especie. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las posibles causas de las disfonías que afectan a los docentes en el sistema público de Buenos Aires. La voz, es considerada para el docente, como la herramienta principal para poder ejercer su rol como tal. Es por esto por lo que, una falla en ésta implica la imposibilidad de desempeñarse correctamente en su trabajo. Es importante conocer las características de la voz, de las cuerdas vocales y cuáles son sus posibles trastornos que luego devienen en disfonías. Explora las causas, los factores de riesgo, la incidencia de estos trastornos y sus repercusiones en el desempeño laboral y la calidad de la enseñanza educativa. Esto se realiza a través de una encuesta con preguntas tanto abiertas como cerradas, abordando los diferentes factores que pueden influir en desarrollar esta patología. Posteriormente se realiza la selección de la población a la cual aplicarla: docentes del sistema público que han tenido al menos un ingreso a la art por disfonía. Se efectúa un análisis de los datos y los resultados. El 92% de los encuestados son mujeres y el 8% hombres, con edades que oscilan entre los 32 y 64 años. Casi la mitad de ellos poseen una antigüedad en el cargo que supera los 30 años. Una amplia mayoría desempeña su cargo en doble jornada y la cantidad de alumnos por aula es superior a 30. A continuación se realiza un enfoque sobre la propuesta de soluciones e intentar, al menos, aportar una posible estrategia que permita disminuir la cantidad de disfonías que se generan en los docentes dentro del aula. Las disfonías en los docentes del sistema público son por múltiples causas, y como resultado, debería reverse la capacitación en el uso de la voz, la inversión en mejores herramientas (tecnológicas, ambientales, organizacionales y otras) para disminuir éstas y lograr una mejor calidad tanto para la vida del individuo como para el sistema educativo público.
The voice distinguishes the human being as the tool with which he is able to communicate and transmit with intention, a characteristic of the species. This study aims to analyze the possible causes of dysphonia that affects teachers in the public system of Buenos Aires. The voice is considered by teachers as the main tool to be able to exercise their role as such. This is why failure in it implies the impossibility of performing correctly in their work. It is important to know the characteristics of the voice, the vocal cords and what are their possible disorders that later become dysphonia. It explores the causes, the risk factors, the incidence of these disorders and their repercussions on job performance and the quality of educational teaching. This is done through a survey with both open and closed questions, addressing the different factors that can influence the development of this pathology. Subsequently, the selection of the population to which it is applied: teachers in the public system who have had at least one admission to the ART due to dysphonia. An analysis of the data and results is carried out. 92% of the respondents are women and 8% are men, with ages ranging from 32 to 64 years. Almost half of them have been in their positions for more than 30 years. A large majority work double shifts and the number of students per classroom is greater than 30. Below we focus on the proposed solutions and try to, at least, provide a possible strategy to reduce the number of dysphonia generated in teachers in the classroom. Dysphonia in teachers in the public system are due to multiple causes, and as a result, training in the use of the voice should be reversed, as well as investment in better tools (technological, environmental, organizational and others) to reduce them and achieve a better quality of life for both the individual and the public education system.
The voice distinguishes the human being as the tool with which he is able to communicate and transmit with intention, a characteristic of the species. This study aims to analyze the possible causes of dysphonia that affects teachers in the public system of Buenos Aires. The voice is considered by teachers as the main tool to be able to exercise their role as such. This is why failure in it implies the impossibility of performing correctly in their work. It is important to know the characteristics of the voice, the vocal cords and what are their possible disorders that later become dysphonia. It explores the causes, the risk factors, the incidence of these disorders and their repercussions on job performance and the quality of educational teaching. This is done through a survey with both open and closed questions, addressing the different factors that can influence the development of this pathology. Subsequently, the selection of the population to which it is applied: teachers in the public system who have had at least one admission to the ART due to dysphonia. An analysis of the data and results is carried out. 92% of the respondents are women and 8% are men, with ages ranging from 32 to 64 years. Almost half of them have been in their positions for more than 30 years. A large majority work double shifts and the number of students per classroom is greater than 30. Below we focus on the proposed solutions and try to, at least, provide a possible strategy to reduce the number of dysphonia generated in teachers in the classroom. Dysphonia in teachers in the public system are due to multiple causes, and as a result, training in the use of the voice should be reversed, as well as investment in better tools (technological, environmental, organizational and others) to reduce them and achieve a better quality of life for both the individual and the public education system.
Description
Keywords
Ergonomía, Disfonía, docentes, voz, sistema educativo público, factores de riesgo, posibles soluciones.