Descomposición térmica homogénea y heterogénea de clorotalonil (CT) y derivados (CTC, CTAN y CTCLAN)
Date
2017
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Abstract
El propósito general de este proyecto es explorar la química de degradación de pesticidas. La idea está fundamentalmente enfocada en desarrollar rutas para la degradación de derivados del Clorotalonil (2,4,5,6- tetracloro isoftalonitrilo), puesto que este fungicida de amplio espectro es muy utilizado en la Argentina por su baja toxicidad para la fauna silvestre; sin embargo existe todavía desconocimiento sobre los posibles procesos para su degradación.
Este estudio plantea la utilización de la termólisis (homogénea y heterogénea) como método de degradación de este pesticida y de algunos derivados que fueron sintetizados en nuestro laboratorio. Las termólisis heterogéneas se realizaron en presencia de distintos materiales sólidos, entre ellos catalizadores Zeolíticos con estructura MEL, BEA y FAU (en sus formas protónicas y modificadas con Fe y Cu) o superficies metálicas (como por ejemplo Cu o Fe). Los resultados son más que alentadores debido a que en general, las zeolitas lograron degradar, los diferentes compuestos bajo estudio.
En el caso particular del CT, este resultó ser muy estable frente a la descomposición térmica. Sin embargo, pudo ser degradado por las zeolitas en un buen porcentaje (80%). Por otro lado, el compuesto más lábil resultó ser el derivado alifático CTC, el cual sufrió una reacción conocida de dehidrocloración.
The general purpose of this work is to explore the degradation of pesticides. The idea is to focus in developing efficient ways of degradation of some chlorothalonil derivatives (2,4,5,6-tetrachloro isophthalonitrile), which is a fungicide of broad spectrum and it is used in Argentine because its low toxicity to wildlife; however there some deficiencies in the knowledge about its degradation. This study proposes the use of thermolysis (homogeneous and heterogeneous) as a method of degradation of this pesticide and some of its derivatives purposely synthesized in our laboratory. Heterogeneous thermolysis were performed in the presence of different solid materials, including Zeolitic catalysts with MEL, BEA and FAU structures, or metal surfaces (as for instance Cu or Fe). The results are promising because in general, zeolitic compounds were able to degrade the different compounds under study. In the particular case of CT, this proved to be very stable against thermal decomposition. However, it could be degraded by the zeolites in good percentages (80%). On the other hand, the most labile compound resulted to be the aliphatic CTC derivative, which underwent a known dehydrochlorination reaction
The general purpose of this work is to explore the degradation of pesticides. The idea is to focus in developing efficient ways of degradation of some chlorothalonil derivatives (2,4,5,6-tetrachloro isophthalonitrile), which is a fungicide of broad spectrum and it is used in Argentine because its low toxicity to wildlife; however there some deficiencies in the knowledge about its degradation. This study proposes the use of thermolysis (homogeneous and heterogeneous) as a method of degradation of this pesticide and some of its derivatives purposely synthesized in our laboratory. Heterogeneous thermolysis were performed in the presence of different solid materials, including Zeolitic catalysts with MEL, BEA and FAU structures, or metal surfaces (as for instance Cu or Fe). The results are promising because in general, zeolitic compounds were able to degrade the different compounds under study. In the particular case of CT, this proved to be very stable against thermal decomposition. However, it could be degraded by the zeolites in good percentages (80%). On the other hand, the most labile compound resulted to be the aliphatic CTC derivative, which underwent a known dehydrochlorination reaction
Description
Keywords
Termólisis, Clorotalonil, Pesticidas, Zeolitas
Citation
XX Congreso Argentino de Catálisis (2017).
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