"Análisis ergonómico en la fabricación de tintas con pigmentos"
Date
2025-04-30
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Abstract
Este trabajo surgió a solicitud del área de Recursos Humanos de una empresa en Argentina.
Los operarios manifestaron dolores en la espalda, cintura y hombros debido al levantamiento
de bolsas de pigmentos. Para comprender la situación, se recopilaron datos mediante
observación, videos, notas y entrevistas. Además, se midió la carga física aplicando los
métodos NIOSH, OWAS, Escala de Borg, Levantamiento Manual de Cargas según las tablas
de la resolución 295/2003 y el método de Sue Rodgers.
Del análisis y desarrollo de la problemática se pudo determinar que las dolencias
manifestadas tenían diversas causas, que iban desde factores organizacionales como los
pasos de la tarea, los recorridos realizados y la falta de rotación, hasta factores físicos
relacionados con la forma en que se debía desarrollar la tarea. También se observó que,
debido al espacio reducido y al mobiliario inadecuado, los trabajadores adoptaban posturas
forzadas y realizaban sobreesfuerzos para manipular las bolsas de 25 kg de pigmentos. Esta
problemática afectaba a otras divisiones, generando ausentismo y retrasos en sectores de
producción y logística.
Para preservar la salud de los operarios y evitar la aparición de trastornos
musculoesqueléticos, se recomendó trabajar en la implementación de mejoras tanto
organizacionales como de ingeniería. Estas mejoras permitirían un correcto desempeño de
los trabajadores, cuidando de su bienestar y permitiendo a la empresa cumplir con su
planificación sin retrasos, reduciendo tiempos de fabricación y ausentismo.
This study was conducted at the request of the Human Resources department of a company in Argentina. The operators reported back, waist, and shoulder pain due to lifting pigment bags. To understand the situation, data was collected through observations, videos, notes, and interviews. Additionally, physical load was measured using the NIOSH, OWAS, Borg Scale, Manual Load Lifting according to resolution tables 295/2003, and the Sue Rodgers method. The analysis revealed that the reported ailments had various causes, ranging from organizational factors such as task steps, routes taken, and lack of rotation, to physical factors related to how the task had to be performed. It was also observed that, due to limited space and inadequate furniture, workers adopted strained postures and overexerted themselves to handle the 25 kg pigment bags. This issue affected other divisions as well, causing absenteeism and delays in production and logistics sectors. To preserve the operators' health and prevent the onset of musculoskeletal disorders, it was recommended to implement both organizational and engineering improvements. These improvements would ensure the proper performance of workers, taking care of their well-being and enabling the company to meet its planning without delays, reducing manufacturing times and absenteeism.
This study was conducted at the request of the Human Resources department of a company in Argentina. The operators reported back, waist, and shoulder pain due to lifting pigment bags. To understand the situation, data was collected through observations, videos, notes, and interviews. Additionally, physical load was measured using the NIOSH, OWAS, Borg Scale, Manual Load Lifting according to resolution tables 295/2003, and the Sue Rodgers method. The analysis revealed that the reported ailments had various causes, ranging from organizational factors such as task steps, routes taken, and lack of rotation, to physical factors related to how the task had to be performed. It was also observed that, due to limited space and inadequate furniture, workers adopted strained postures and overexerted themselves to handle the 25 kg pigment bags. This issue affected other divisions as well, causing absenteeism and delays in production and logistics sectors. To preserve the operators' health and prevent the onset of musculoskeletal disorders, it was recommended to implement both organizational and engineering improvements. These improvements would ensure the proper performance of workers, taking care of their well-being and enabling the company to meet its planning without delays, reducing manufacturing times and absenteeism.
Description
Keywords
Ergonomía, trastornos musculoesqueléticos, posturas forzadas, esfuerzos, enfermedad laboral, factores organizacionales.