Análisis del ciclo de vida en pavimentos: actualidad y perspectiva
Date
2021-06-24
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Abstract
El aumento de la temperatura global, como un
indicador de la constante contaminación que existe a nivel
mundial, resulta un problema aun sin solución. Como medidas
para mitigar este problema se proponen varias soluciones en pos
de reducir el impacto que se tiene en el planeta.
El sector de los pavimentos no es ajeno a este problema, el
cual genera costos ambientales importantes, ya sea en una
construcción nueva o en cada intervención de mantenimiento
realizada. En los últimos años, la aplicación del análisis del
ciclo de vida para evaluar costos ambientales en producción de
materias primas y emisiones se ha vuelto de gran importancia.
En el siguiente trabajo se realiza un análisis de la bibliografía
existente del tema, para establecer los indicadores utilizados, así
como su vocabulario específico, las emisiones y los consumos
contabilizados y las normas de aplicación. Además de revisar
los estudios de los autores más emblemáticos dentro del área de
aplicación con los pavimentos flexibles, se puede ver la ausencia
de una norma propia del área de los materiales viales, que permita
poner en un mismo plano todos los análisis contabilizados.
The increase in global temperature, as an indicator of the constant pollution that exists worldwide, is a problem that still has no solution. As measures to mitigate this problem, various solutions are proposed in order to reduce the impact on the planet. e flooring sector is no stranger to this problem, which generates significant environmental costs, either in a new construction or in each maintenance intervention carried out. In recent years, the application of life cycle analysis to assess environmental costs in raw material production and emissions has become of great importance. In the following work an analysis of the existing bibliography of the subject is carried out, to establish the indicators used, as well as their specific vocabulary, the emissions and consumptions recorded and the applicable standards. In addition to reviewing the studies of the most emblematic authors within the area of application with flexible pavements, it is possible to see the absence of a standard specific to the area of road materials, which allows all the counted analyzes to be put on the same plane.
The increase in global temperature, as an indicator of the constant pollution that exists worldwide, is a problem that still has no solution. As measures to mitigate this problem, various solutions are proposed in order to reduce the impact on the planet. e flooring sector is no stranger to this problem, which generates significant environmental costs, either in a new construction or in each maintenance intervention carried out. In recent years, the application of life cycle analysis to assess environmental costs in raw material production and emissions has become of great importance. In the following work an analysis of the existing bibliography of the subject is carried out, to establish the indicators used, as well as their specific vocabulary, the emissions and consumptions recorded and the applicable standards. In addition to reviewing the studies of the most emblematic authors within the area of application with flexible pavements, it is possible to see the absence of a standard specific to the area of road materials, which allows all the counted analyzes to be put on the same plane.
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Keywords
pavimentos, análisis de ciclo de vida, asfalto, residuos
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