Reducción de la conductividad térmica en hormigones con incorporación de resíduo plástico. Una alternativa para contribuir a la eficiencia energética de las envolventes edilícias
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Date
2014
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Publisher
Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Ingeniería. Escuela de Construcción Civil.
Abstract
En la matriz energética nacional, 34 % de la demanda de energía primaria corresponde a edificios y 10 % a la
calefacción de viviendas. A pesar de ello, Argentina no cuenta con normas nacionales obligatorias para lograr un uso
racional de energía en edificios. Vemos entonces la necesidad de diseñar envolventes constructivas más eficientes que
contribuyan a un menor consumo energético.
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue lograr un hormigón estructural que tenga baja conductividad térmica. Se propuso
para ello utilizar, como reemplazo del agregado grueso, un residuo plástico proveniente de la empresa ARCOR. Para
lograrlo se caracterizaron y seleccionaron los materiales a utilizar y se diseñó la dosificación del hormigón patrón (sin
plástico) y de los hormigones con residuo plástico. La etapa experimental incluyó los ensayos en estado fresco y
endurecido.
Si bien la resistencia a compresión disminuye a medida que aumenta la incorporación de plástico, los resultados
conforman la resistencia mínima exigida para un hormigón liviano estructural, según ACI-318. Estos hormigones aún
se encuentran en etapa de evaluación y posterior análisis de conductividad térmica.
In the national energy matrix, 34 % of primary energy demand is for buildings and 10 % for heating homes. However , Argentina has no mandatory national standards for a rational use of energy in buildings . We then see the need to design more efficient building envelope that contribute to lower energy consumption. The aim of this work was to achieve a structural concrete that has low thermal conductivity. I was suggested to use it as a replacement of coarse aggregate, a plastic residue from the company Arcor. To achieve this were characterized and selected materials to use and dosage pattern concrete (no plastic) and plastic waste concrete was designed. The pilot phase included trials in fresh and hardened state. While the compressive strength decreases with increasing incorporation of plastic, the results form the minimum strength required for lightweight structural concrete, as ACI- 318 . These concretes are still under evaluation and further analysis of thermal conductivity
In the national energy matrix, 34 % of primary energy demand is for buildings and 10 % for heating homes. However , Argentina has no mandatory national standards for a rational use of energy in buildings . We then see the need to design more efficient building envelope that contribute to lower energy consumption. The aim of this work was to achieve a structural concrete that has low thermal conductivity. I was suggested to use it as a replacement of coarse aggregate, a plastic residue from the company Arcor. To achieve this were characterized and selected materials to use and dosage pattern concrete (no plastic) and plastic waste concrete was designed. The pilot phase included trials in fresh and hardened state. While the compressive strength decreases with increasing incorporation of plastic, the results form the minimum strength required for lightweight structural concrete, as ACI- 318 . These concretes are still under evaluation and further analysis of thermal conductivity
Description
Keywords
Hormigón con residuos plásticos, Conductividad térmica
Citation
Congreso Internacional sobre patalogía y recuperación de estructuras.
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