Los subsidios a la energía en Argentina. Estructura y análisis del gasto en el periodo 2016-2023
Date
2025-04-01
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Volume Title
Publisher
Facultad Regional Buenos Aires
Abstract
La privatización de los servicios públicos en la Argentina en la década del '90 ofició como un baluarte del nuevo esquema macroeconómico: convertibilidad, privatización de las empresas del estado, entre otras medidas adoptadas. Luego de este periodo que terminó en una crisis económica, la salida de la Convertibilidad en 2002 implicó importantes desafíos para los gobiernos siguientes. Después de la salida devaluatoria, las empresas privatizadas buscaron recuperar márgenes de ganancia presionando por el alza de las tarifas (fundamentalmente en transporte, gas y electricidad). Sin embargo, esto implicaría una disminución significativa del salario real y el riesgo de dificultades macroeconómicas derivadas de la escalada ascendente
de precios. Por estos motivos, se instrumentaron una serie de subsidios tanto para la energía como para el transporte, buscando que el impacto de estos sea lo menor posible. El presente trabajo, a partir de datos públicos, analiza cómo se fue desarrollando el aporte del Estado a los subsidios a la energía en el periodo
que va desde 2016 a 2023.
The privatization of public services in Argentina in the 1990s served as a cornerstone of the new macroeconomic scheme: convertibility, privatization of state-owned companies, among other measures adopted. Following this period, which ended in an economic crisis, the exit from Convertibility in 2002 posed significant challenges for subsequent governments. After the devaluation exit, privatized companies sought to recoverprofit margins by pushing for tariff increases (primarily in transportation, gas, and electricity). However, this would imply a significant decrease in real wages and the risk of macroeconomic difficulties arising from the upward price escalation. For these reasons, a series of subsidies for both energy and transportation were implemented, aiming to minimize the impact as much as possible. This paper, based on public data, analyzes how the state's contribution to energy subsidies developed from 2016 to 2023.
The privatization of public services in Argentina in the 1990s served as a cornerstone of the new macroeconomic scheme: convertibility, privatization of state-owned companies, among other measures adopted. Following this period, which ended in an economic crisis, the exit from Convertibility in 2002 posed significant challenges for subsequent governments. After the devaluation exit, privatized companies sought to recoverprofit margins by pushing for tariff increases (primarily in transportation, gas, and electricity). However, this would imply a significant decrease in real wages and the risk of macroeconomic difficulties arising from the upward price escalation. For these reasons, a series of subsidies for both energy and transportation were implemented, aiming to minimize the impact as much as possible. This paper, based on public data, analyzes how the state's contribution to energy subsidies developed from 2016 to 2023.
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Keywords
Subsidios, Energía, Argentina, Política energética, Subsidies, Energy, Argentina, Energy policy
Citation
Proyecciones, Vol.23 Nº 1
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