Diseño de un biocatalizador para la producción continua de mono y diglicéridos
Date
2017
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Abstract
Los mono y diglicéridos son compuestos utilizados como emulsionantes y tensioactivos en la
industria alimenticia, farmacéutica, cosmética y química en general. La principal forma de producción
de los mismos es a partir de esterificación del glicerol o transesterificación y alcohólisis de aceites,
mediante el uso de catálisis homogénea ácida o básica a altas temperaturas. En este trabajo se propuso
producir mono y diglicéridos en forma continua, mediante la reacción opuesta, la alcohólisis parcial de
los triglicéridos, usando un biocatalizador desarrollado a partir de la enzima lipasa de Pseudomonas
fluorescens inmovilizada en el material mesoporoso SBA-15. Se encontró que en tan solo 20 minutos
de reacción (tiempo que tarda en atravesar el reactor la mezcla de reacción) se producen 44% de
diglicéridos y 27% de monoglicéridos, manteniéndose prácticamente constante en el tiempo en el caso
de los primeros y disminuyendo apenas en el caso de los monoglicéridos. Surge entonces una valiosa
forma de producción de estos compuestos, suavizando las condiciones de reacción y utilizando un
catalizador que mantiene su actividad.
Mono- and di-glycerides are compounds used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical industry as emulsifiers and surfactants. The main methods of production are esterification of glycerol or transesterification and alcoholysis of oils, by using basic or acidic homogeneous catalysis at high temperatures. In this paper, the inverse reaaction the alcoholysis of triglycerides was used as a new way to produce continuously mono and diglycerides, using a biocatalyst of Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase enzyme immobilized in the mesoporous material SBA-15. It was found that at 20 minutes of reaction (the time that the reaction mixture takes to traverse the reactor) 44% diglycerides and 27% monoglycerides was produced, remaining constant in time the yield. This way of producing emulsifying compounds appears as a valuable method, with mild reaction conditions and using a catalyst that maintains its activity.
Mono- and di-glycerides are compounds used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical industry as emulsifiers and surfactants. The main methods of production are esterification of glycerol or transesterification and alcoholysis of oils, by using basic or acidic homogeneous catalysis at high temperatures. In this paper, the inverse reaaction the alcoholysis of triglycerides was used as a new way to produce continuously mono and diglycerides, using a biocatalyst of Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase enzyme immobilized in the mesoporous material SBA-15. It was found that at 20 minutes of reaction (the time that the reaction mixture takes to traverse the reactor) 44% diglycerides and 27% monoglycerides was produced, remaining constant in time the yield. This way of producing emulsifying compounds appears as a valuable method, with mild reaction conditions and using a catalyst that maintains its activity.
Description
Keywords
Biocatálisis, Monoglicéridos, Diglicéridos, SBA-15, Inmovilización enzimática
Citation
XX Congreso Argentino de Catálisis (2017).
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